What is a Meniscus Tear?

The menisci are C-shaped cartilage structures in the knee joint, acting as shock absorbers between the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone). A meniscus tear can result from sports injuries, sudden twisting, deep squatting, or falls.

Functions of the Menisci

• Shock Absorption: Protects the knee from impact forces.
• Joint Stability: Enhances knee ligament support.
• Prevention of Arthritis: Reduces joint wear and tear.
• Load Distribution: The medial meniscus bears 50% of the load, while the lateral meniscus absorbs 80% of lateral forces.

Symptoms of a Meniscus Tear

• Pain: Ranges from mild to severe.
• Swelling & Stiffness: Common after the injury.
• Locking or Catching Sensation: The knee may feel stuck in place.
• Instability or Giving Way: Difficulty bearing weight while walking.

Diagnosing a Meniscus Tear

Dr. Khaleel, Senior Consultant Arthroscopic Knee and Sports Surgeon at Kims Alshifa, Perintalmanna, Kerala, India, uses clinical examination, X-rays, and MRI scans to confirm meniscus injuries. The McMurray test is commonly performed, where the knee is bent and rotated to assess pain and clicking sounds.

Treatment Options for Meniscus Tears

• RICE Therapy: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation to manage swelling.
• Physical Therapy: Improves strength and mobility.
• NSAIDs (Anti-inflammatory Medications): For pain and swelling relief.

Surgical Treatments

• Meniscus Repair: Stitching the torn meniscus to allow natural healing.
• Partial Meniscectomy: Trimming damaged cartilage to restore function.
• Meniscus Transplantation: Used for severe or missing menisci, replacing with donor tissue.

Expert Care for Meniscus Tears

Dr. Khaleel ensures tailored treatment plans to help patients return to daily activities pain-free.