What is an AC Joint Repair?

The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is where the clavicle (collarbone) attaches to the roof of the shoulder blade (acromion). It is identifiable by the bump on the top of the shoulder joint. The AC joint is supported by multiple ligaments, including the coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments and the coracoacromial (CA) ligament. These structures can be damaged due to a fall, automobile accident, or sports collision, resulting in an AC joint separation. This occurs when the roof of the shoulder and the collarbone become misaligned. In severe cases, an arthroscopic AC joint repair—a minimally invasive procedure—may be necessary.

Dr. Khaleel, Senior Consultant Arthroscopic Shoulder and Sports Surgeon at Kims Alshifa, Perintalmanna, Kerala, India, specializes in orthopedic shoulder surgeries, including AC joint repair.

Treating AC Joint Injuries

Mild AC joint injuries can often be treated conservatively with rest, ice, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, severe AC joint injuries (Grade 3 and higher) may require surgical intervention to restore proper joint alignment and prevent chronic shoulder instability. An arthroscopic AC joint repair effectively repositions the collarbone to its correct anatomical alignment.

How is an AC Joint Repair Performed?

The goal of arthroscopic AC joint repair is to reposition and stabilize the collarbone. This is achieved using durable sutures that run through the collarbone and the front of the shoulder blade. If the CC ligaments are damaged, ligament reconstruction may also be performed using a graft.

Steps in an Arthroscopic AC Joint Repair:

• Incision and Access: Small incisions are made to insert the arthroscope and surgical instruments.
• Suture Placement: Durable sutures are threaded through the collarbone and the shoulder blade to realign the collarbone properly.
• Ligament Reconstruction (if needed): If the CC ligaments are damaged, a graft is used to reinforce the ligament structure.
• Securing the Joint: The sutures and graft (if applied) are tightened to maintain joint stability.
• Closure: The incisions are closed using sutures or staples, and the shoulder is bandaged.

Recovery After AC Joint Repair

After surgery, patients typically wear a sling to immobilize the shoulder and promote proper healing. Physical therapy is recommended to restore range of motion and strengthen the shoulder muscles. Recovery time varies, but most patients can resume normal activities within a few months, gradually increasing their activity levels as healing progresses.

If you suspect an AC joint injury or need more information on AC joint repair, contact Dr. Khaleel, Senior Consultant Arthroscopic Shoulder and Sports Surgeon at Kims Alshifa, Perintalmanna, Kerala, India, for a comprehensive evaluation and a personalized treatment plan.